Chemistry
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Item Covalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes with anthracene by green chemical approach and their temperature dependent magnetic and electrical conductivity studies(VIT University, 2013-10-15) Dominic RavichandranSingle-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were covalently functionalized with anthracene in molten urea by a green chemical approach. The anthracene functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (Antf-SWCNTs) were examined along with SWCNTs, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, powder X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The observations revealed the functionalization of SWCNTs by anthracene. The temperature dependent magnetization (300e5 K) and electrical resistivity were also measured for both SWCNTs and Ant-f-SWCNTs. The electrical resistivity of Ant-f-SWCNTs at 300 K was found to be 1.27 KUm, which is much lower than 388.55 KUm for pristine. This indicated a 300 fold increase in conductivity at room temperature for Ant-f-SWCNTs when compared to SWCNTs. The temperature dependence of the conductivity provided an indication of the semiconducting behaviour.Item Synthesis and study the anti-proliferative effect of new series of 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives in MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cells(VIT University, 2015-06) Dominic RavichandranBreast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in women world over. MCF-7 cells are useful for in vitro breast cancer studies because the cell line has retained several ideal characteristics particular to the mammary epithelium. These include the ability for MCF-7 cells to process estrogens, in the form of estuarial, via estrogens receptors in the cell cytoplasm. This makes the MCF-7 cell line an estrogens receptor (ER) positive control cell line. In breast cancer cells containing oestrogen receptors both oestrogens and growth factors can stimulate proliferation, invasion and the secretion of a number of proteins.Item Marine Polysaccharide (Chitosan) and Its Derivatives as Water Purifier(ResearchGate, 2013-04) Dominic RavichandranChitosan (CH)-based biosorbents are by far the most extensively studied material among those suggested for water and wastewater treatment by biosorption. This is due to their ability to remove a wide range of pollutants and simpler ways to synthesize them [19][20][21][22]. CH is a cationic polymer, and its biosorbents can be held together either by physical interactions like hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, Vander Waal's forces, or by chemical crosslinking by covalent bonds [12,[23][24][25][26][27]. ...Item Correlation and regression studies of water quality parameters: A case study of water from the Bhavani river(ResearchGate, 2007-07) Dominic RavichandranIn this paper, a calculation of correlation coefficient between various water quality parameters of Bhavani river is carried out. The analysis show significant linear relationship between pH, alkalinity, hardness, Ca 2+, Mg2+, concentration of F- and total solids. Finally, multiple regression equation relating hardness with other paramters is developed. The usefulness of correlation and implication of regression equations are discussed.Item Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of the Essential Oil from the Peel of Solanum incanum and its Antibacterial Activity Studies(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2020) Yetayih,RavichandranPhytochemicals were extracted from the peel of Solanum incanum (S. incanum) with methanol (70% v/v). The phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract showed the presence of glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins and phenolic compounds. The successive partitioning of the methanolic extract was carried out with three solvents hexane, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. The diethyl ether fraction yielded two immiscible fractions. The oil was separated as essential oil fraction and analyzed by GCMS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil indicated 17 compounds including 2,3-butanediol (76.76%), diethyl phthalate (8.32%), benzyl benzoate (3.02%), 2,6-dimethyl-6-nitro-2-hepten-4-one (2.56%) and 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl)benzene (1.88%). Among them, the mass spectral patterns of three compounds were analyzed, discussed and confirmed with NIST database. The antibacterial study of essential oil was conducted using four pathogens (E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. aureus and S.pyogenes) at four different concentrations (250, 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL). The result indicates that the essential oil extracted from the peel of Solanum incanum exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against E. coli and K. pneumonia in 1000 µg/mL, respectively compared with the positive control gentamicin (10 µg/mL). The result of this study revealed the presence of various organic components and the antibacterial activity of this plant essential oil may be as a result of the major compounds.Item Development of Porous Polysaccharides-Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds via Freeze Drying Method and in vitro Osteoconductivity on MG 63 Cells(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2017) Rajesh,Kumar,Kenie,RavichandrianTricomponent scaffolds of hydroxyapatite (HAP) with a mixture of polysaccharides have been prepared by freeze drying method and TG,FTIR, XRD and FE-SEM. FTIR and powder XRD analysis were confirmed the formation of composites with strong electrostatic interactions.FE-SEM images showed the porous morphology of the prepared tricomponent scaffolds. The cell proliferation and mineralization of the scaffolds were evaluated through in vitro MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase activity on MG 63 cell line. The study proved that the prepared tricomponent scaffolds have better cell proliferation and mineralization. Moreover, the well dispersion and adhesion of cells on to the scaffolds were evident from the dye stained fluorescent microscopic images. Porosity of the prepared tricomponent scaffolds plays a vital role, which is well corroborated from the higher cell proliferation and mineralization of chitosan/gellan-HAP scaffold. The viscosity and porosity of the scaffolds play a crucial role on the compressive strength of prepared scaffoldsItem Effect of Cationic/Anionic Mixed Micelles on Reaction Kinetics of Alkaline Hydrolysis of Crystal Violet(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2018) Ravichadran,Yilma,NegussaKinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of crystal violet, a triphenylmethane dye in the micellar environment of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) and binary mixtures of these surfactants was studied. The regression parameters, together with rate constants and binding constants were obtained by analyzing the rate surfactant profiles using cooperativity model. It was observed that the reaction was catalyzed by both surfactants. The catalytic factor increased by 10 times in SDS and 38 times in CTAB indicating that binding of crystal violet to the micellar surface is stronger in pure CTAB than SDS but the strength drastically reduced in the mixtures of the surfactants. Reduction of binding constant became more important as the mole fraction of CTAB was improved in the mixture. The kinetic data were investigated using Piszkiewicz model and Raghavan-Srinivasan model. The data obtained from the models were in good agreement with the experimental values.Item Harmonizing Growth: Unleashing the Potential of Fish Waste as a Natural Liquid Elixir for Soil Health and Bountiful Tomato Harvests in Open Fields(Transdisciplinary Insights in Life Sciences, 2024) Chelliah, RamalakshmiIn this study, the impact of foliar spray treatments with fish amino acid (FAA) and urea on the growth parameters of Solanum lycopersicum was investigated. The results revealed significant influences on plant height, number of leaves per plant, and Leaf Area Index (LAI). Notably, the foliar application of 2% urea stimulated cell division and metabolic activity, resulting in taller plants and increased leaf count. Conversely, 1% FAA exhibited a notable increase in plant height, leaf count, and chlorophyll content, showcasing the potential of FAA to enhance metabolic activity and cell division. However, higher concentrations of FAA negatively impacted growth parameters. The study further explored the field growth differences, highlighting the substantial increase in fresh and dry weights under the foliar spray of 2% urea. Additionally, the yield of green leafy vegetables, particularly amaranthus, was significantly influenced by urea and FAA, with 2% urea contributing to a remarkable increase in yield. The research underscores the potential benefits of FAA and urea in enhancing soil fertility, nutrient content, and overall crop yield, providing insights into sustainable agricultural practices. Finally, the study introduces the benefits of fish protein fertilizer, emphasizing its role in soil enrichment, microbial biomass maintenance, root and leaf growth stimulation, and overall plant health. The environmentally friendly nature of fish protein fertilizer and its positive impact on Solanum lycopersicum make it a promising alternative for sustainable and robust agricultural practices.Item Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Emblica officinalis and Their Role in Mercury (II) Chloride Detoxification(International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2025) Chelliah,RamalakshmiIn this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized using an aqueous extract of Emblica officinalis, serving as a green, sustainable reducing and stabilizing agent. UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis confirmed the formation of AgNPs, with a distinct surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 382.04 nm, indicative of well-dispersed, spherical nanoparticles with minimal aggregation. The biosynthesized AgNPs were subsequently utilized to evaluate their potential in degrading mercury(II) chloride (HgCl₂). Time-dependent UV-Vis analysis revealed a gradual and significant decline in the characteristic absorbance peaks of HgCl₂, particularly at 302 nm, over a 48-hour period. This indicates effective degradation and possible reduction of mercury ions, facilitated by the catalytic and adsorptive properties of the nanoparticles.The findings demonstrate the dual functionality of E. officinal is-mediated AgNPs as both nanocatalysts and sorbents, offering a promising, eco-friendly approach for heavy metal remediation in aquatic environments.Item Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from Terminalia Arjuna L.) Bark Extract Characterization and Potential for Mercury Degradation(Chemical Society of Ethiopia and The Authors, 2024) Chelliah, RamalakshmiThe focus of this study is on synthesizing copper nanoparticles through a green approach, utilizing Terminalia arjuna bark extract. The ultra violet (UV) spectral analysis of copper nanoparticles synthesized through environmentally friendly methods revealed distinct absorption peaks at 287 nm, 575 nm, and 898 nm, indicative of significant light absorption. These peaks elucidate the nanoparticles' optical characteristics, shedding light on electronic transitions and surface plasmon resonance phenomena. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis displayed various peaks, suggesting vibrations associated with copper nanoparticles and functional groups in T. arjuna bark extract. The X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) data exhibited characteristic peaks corresponding to metallic copper's crystallographic planes, confirming the formation of highly crystalline copper nanoparticles. Atomic force microscopy results depicted surface morphology and particle size distribution. Copper nanoparticles show promise in mercury degradation due to their high surface area and catalytic activity. They interact effectively with mercury ions through adsorption, reduction, and oxidation processes, leading to sequestration or transformation into less toxic forms. Functionalization enhances their affinity towards mercury, while synergies with other nanomaterials boost efficiency. Green synthesized copper nanoparticles offer an eco-friendly solution for effective mercury remediation, promising advancements in sustainable nanotechnological approaches for global environmental sustainability.